Finance & Accounting Essays

Before going ahead with the discussion relating to the measurement of funding liquidity risk, it is pertinent to describe what funding liquidity is. According to the Basel Committee of Banking Supervision, funding liquidity refers to the ability of banking institutions to discharge their respective liabilities as and when they stand due. 

The effects in the case of wrong performance measures being tied to compensation in the organization have been explained as follows. The level of compensation offered to the employees should take into account that performance is not only one particular area of service, especially in the case of manufacturing units.

The CAPM model therefore relies on the ability to measure market volatility as a whole. With several possible investments available in the market, the model assumes that one can accurately assess the volatility of each of these investments. This is impossible.

A budget is a financial and a quantitative statement prepared prior to a defined period of time of the policy to be pursued for the purpose of attaining a given objective. Furthermore a budget is an attempt made at the beginning of each financial year to plan the profit and loss account for the year and to aim for a definite balance sheet.

The car, which was valued at 28,000 dollars at the time of issuing (2004) was subject to taxation, from both Oprah and the audience as well. The gifts issued to the audience were a form of income earned, which is subject to taxation.

Investment is a vital activity which requires various types of analysis to be done. To choose the right company is a very important decision. If the investor chooses the wrong stock then he or she could have to bear loss. The nonfinancial parameters has been discussed in this project.

The paper tells that in globalized marketplaces, the necessity to deal in foreign currency is inescapable. The process of acquiring a foreign currency for foreign business activities can be daunting, requiring business forethought and prior contractual arrangements. Currencies change in value all the time, and the process of exchanging a currency for another can be a risky and dangerous process that can cause numerous losses.

Cwmfelin University cannot take Computerland to the courts to demand the performance of the agreement, since there was not an agreement between the two parties in the first place. The offer stands rejected and the status quo should now be maintained, as it was previous to the offer made by Cwmfelin University.

The risk free interest rate is the interest rate on a security which has no risk such as Treasury Bills. The real risk free interest rate is not constant and changes in relation to economic conditions such as “on the rate of return corporations and other borrowers expect to earn on productive assets and on people’s time preferences for current versus future consumption” (Brigham and Ehrhardt 2005, p28).

Performance appraisals are supposed to encourage continuance and stability, not only of the workers, but also of managerial personnel from the frontline to top management. Because they are not just servomechanisms, their activities and movements have to be placed under reasonable, fair and just observation and evaluation.

See below. Courtesy: Google Images, 2011. 1.2: (30 words) It is necessary to protect oneself against being unnecessarily harmed by power equipment like an electric drill. Avoidance of toxic chemicals coming into contact with eyes or skin is ideal. 1.3: (30 words) 1.

There have been countries who have preferred one mode of operation for themselves, pointing to the fact that the society in general believes that to be the best option for the overall betterment of everyone. Thriving for the world of Utopia, many literary geniuses, through different media, have described a world of Dystopia.

Rule 102 states that a member “shall not knowingly misrepresent facts”. To wit, in order to make Chancellor’s financial situation seem better than it was, Volpe and other high ranking company officials made false statements to outside auditors. Indeed Chancellor was near insolvency and is now defunct.

The study of the expenses part showed that the Abdulaziz hospital dedicatedly spent a huge amount to help the patients with modern facilities. Various modes of increasing profitability are there concerning financial decision making, but the hospital provided its main concentration on the nature of service. 

The Total Shareholder Return (TSR) is used to compare the stock performance of different companies. A firm must, however, not use the TSR alone to judge the shareholder value it creates over a period of time as the TSR looks at short-term performance only and does not necessarily incorporate long-term value-added.

This creates a risk to sales department that may result to loss of revenue due to misclassification of clients; bad debtors may be classified good thus raising the dad debts percentage within the firm. The firm should identify ways of prescreening new clients, either by examining their previous bank statements, statements of financial position and consulting their business partners to establish their credit rating.

This state of affairs creates a changing environment and a fresh prospect for internal audit to display its value. In the ever- hanging environment, numerous companies are finding it difficult to identify and manage the complex risk exposures, of which will assist Apollo Shoes. Our firm will offer services aimed at revolutionising the function of internal audit. Our company offers a combination of consulting services tackling the vital issues challenging internal auditors, such as risk assessments, technology, training, organizational and process- reengineering, reviews on quality assurance, as well as benchmarking.

Regulation and supervision in the financial sector is one of the most studied and evaluated elements. In the past years, the world has witnessed several issues and problems related to lax regulation and supervision in the financial arena.

The primary task of any enterprise is to maximize the wealth of its shareholders. So taking the right decision at right time is one of the key roles of any company. It is required for the profitability and sustainability of the company.

This paper focuses on the practical aspects of financial statements. It is written in three parts. The first part examines the components of the income statement and how they can be applied to everyday life in a business. The second part discusses the benefits that a business manager can get if s/he understand the income statement.

Ways in which couples can seek to reduce taxation liabilities on investments and savings. The need for financial security and independence are a predominant concern for most citizens globally. In its very definition the ability to earn and willfully spend one’s income is at the core of maturity as defined by social norms.

Financial innovation has been a topic of debate recently. A number of financial experts and economists are of the view that financial innovation should be encouraged as it leads to new avenues for investment and economic growth, while other experts believe that unmonitored financial innovation is the leading cause behind financial crises.

The author states that there has been an intense debate on whether it would be wise for international taxation to be changed to allow for the holding company to pay the group’s consolidated tax. The proponents of this argument state that it would be much more convenient and efficient for consolidated tax returns as applicable to multinational companies.

ULH&P’s basic bond is entirely owned by The Cincinnati Gas & Electric Company (CG&E), an Ohio Corporation that was launched in 1837 and is entirely owned by Cinergy Corp., a Delaware Corporation initiated in 1993. This paper is going to take into account the hypothetical renewable project needed for energy company chosen in week one of the subject.

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) sets out accounting standards and procedures for reporting financial information of a company to the outside world. It is very much necessary that these financial reports that become available to the stakeholders of a company help them considerably in their decision-making process.

xpense Lighting 30 30 50 50 50 Rent 50 50 50 50 50 Maintenance 5 10 20 20 20 Bank charges 5 10 10 10 10 Salary 30 50 50 50 50 Licenses 5 5 5 5 5 Depreciation truck (10%) 1 1 1 2 2 Truck fuel 50 100 100 200 200 Advertising 20 30 50 50 50 Office expenses 4 14 20 13 15 Net profit 225 636.25 1886.813 55 98 Assumptions 1.

One of the major objectives of any company is to make itself efficient enough to undertake expansion of its business activities which can also be named as growth activities. The growth of any organization is mainly occurred either as organic growth or as growth through mergers and acquisitions (Brigham et al, 2008).

The author states that Enron's accountants were intimidated by their CEOs to introduce fraudulent practices in accounting. Probably, the accountants were not much focused on potential consequences of their fraudulent actions. Very often CEOs and stakeholders introduced fraud to create a visible success of the company.

There must be checks and balances that will mean that this approach will not be exclusively adopted by organizations. Management of corporate organizations should therefore analyze their industry situation, organizational goals, and the operational environment to be able to come up with prudent governance structures for the success of organizations as well as the satisfaction of all interested parties.

The rapid globalization in recent decades has led to the interconnection of world economies. Accordingly, international investments have gained popularity since fund managers are able to look beyond their national borders for investment opportunities. The exponential growth of the Chinese economy in the recent past has made the region an attractive investment destination (Ahlstrom, Bruton, & Yeh, 2006).  

Shareholder value is the measure of a company’s success in the extent to which it enriches shareholders through management’s ability to grow earnings, dividends, and share prices. The management is increasingly under pressure to increase shareholder value and minimize the arising agency conflicts between shareholders and the management.

Scope 2 emissions are in most cases a type of indirect emission. The scope deals with activities that produce electricity, cooling, heating or steam that a facility consumes, but are not part of the facility.

Some of the reasons include adverse market conditions and poor managerial structures. As such, it becomes important to consider the most appropriate strategies that can help the companies to withstand the pressures of the markets and other challenges. This study applied qualitative strategies to explore the financial management processes and strategies with regard to risk.

Mergers and acquisitions Name Institution Date of submission ABSTRACT Mergers and acquisitions occur in business companies all over the world. In mergers, two different companies come together to form a single company known as a parent company. In acquisitions, one big company acquires a smaller company so that the two companies transact business under a single owned company.

With the turn of the 21st century, the global business environment has undergone tremendous changes, which brought about many positive and negative consequences. Globalization and related pressures significantly boosted global market competition, and that in turn led to technological advancements and business innovations.

For the general understanding of the business in any economy, Capital is a very important determining factor of the business, because the initial investment for the view of earning profit, the initial capital, is too high and the risk is associated with it.

Retailing is often regarded as one of the few economic success stories of the Britain. Urban retailing had undergoes a radical transformation during the second half of the nineteenth century, in which a number of basic elements of modern retail industry became decisively established.

The growth in the total sales for Whole Foods increased from 1% in 2009 to 13.6% in 2011. This is unlike the case in Kroger Co which recorded fluctuations in its total sales growth with the lowest being 0.8% and the highest being 7.6% (Kregor Co A3). The high sales in Whole Foods may be attributed to its wider variety of products and its large store footages.

The author is sure that the most important concept is the internet. In early years of internet, banks normally used the internet for internal purposes such as publishing of corporate data and offerings. At this time, internet was mainly used in banking as a tool of information dissemination to customers and the general public.

It incorporates other forms of medium such as TV and other programming sources.  Dow Jones enhances the lives of millions internationally as well as enlightens the decisions of company executives and experts working in organizations sales and trading; wealth management; online trading etc.

The auditing profession is largely self-regulating within the UK, and sits within a regulatory framework, encompassing Legislation, Common Law, and Regulatory and Professional elements. Each of these elements controls the auditing profession in the UK in a certain way.  The audit profession is under the Legislation provisions of the UK Government. 

Generally, Procter and Gamble have been an ideal example of a business house that has followed the theory of competitive advantage and enjoyed the benefits of sustainable business growth and profitability through the strategies of innovation, differentiation, operational efficiency and cost leadership.

The financial analysis covers the bank’s common size income statement and balance sheet. In addition, financial performance evaluation ratios on the bank’s liquidity, solvency, and return on investment and capital structure have been used to draw conclusions about the bank’s financial health and performance.

The author states that service quality is an essential factor to be taken into consideration while making any investment decision. The quality of the invested capital resources has a direct effect on the quality of the products or services of the organization. The least extensive investment resources would be yielding the lowest quality of products.

Private Equity Funds. Private Equity is the source of capital that is raised outside the public equity market in order to make investment in any asset or organization (Yong, 2012). The funds raised from the private equity market are generally sourced from those investors who are known as ‘limited partners’ which are then assigned to the respective investments with the help of the fund managers (also called ‘general partners’).

The consolidated statements of the company usually comprise the financial activities of the company together with its subsidiaries. The subsidiaries of the company are usually consolidated from the acquisition date to the date. The accounts for the subsidiaries are prepared at the same time as that of the mother company.

Corporate social responsibility reporting has become highly significant with the increasing public interest in participation in CSR activities. It is known to everyone that organizations are responsible for creating various social problems such as pollution or resource depletion, which have a negative impact on society and the environment (Moir, 2001).

This was the case prior to Global Financial Crisis (GFC). Since 2007, there has been a significant rise in the spread between major banks’ housing loan rates and RBA’s cash rate. This has been attributed to the rise in funding costs for banks. Due to GFC, all major banks have inclined towards using long term debt and deposits as their main source of funding because they are considered to be more safe and stable funding source for banks.

There have been several attempts of trying to come up with ways through which inflation can be measured. In the present day, it is quite fascinating to report that indeed inflation can be calculated and accurately predicted. It is also worth noting that there are various ways and formulas that are used to calculate this phenomenon.

The two countries that are focused on in the author’s arguments are India and China. According to the article 200 million people from these two countries were helped out of poverty due to the impact of globalization during the 1990s. India and China are the two most populous countries in the world with a combined population of 2.5 billion which accounts for approximately 36% of the world’s population (Exner, 2011).